Discovering Perpignan, Catalan Jewel of the Pyrénées-Orientales

The Catalan Eden: The New Provence of the Pyrénées-Orientales

Nestled between sea and mountains, Perpignan is a vibrant city in the south of France, the historic capital of Roussillon and a gateway to Spain. Through its eventful history, architectural heritage, dynamic arts scene, and Catalan gastronomy, Perpignan offers visitors a unique experience.

History and Monuments to Visit

Perpignan’s roots go back to Antiquity, near the oppidum of Ruscino, the Roman administrative center that gave its name to Roussillon. The first traces of the city itself appear in the 9th century, with the earliest written mention dating from the 10th century. As the capital of the County of Roussillon from the late 10th century, Perpignan reached its golden age in the Middle Ages when it became the continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca, leaving a legacy of magnificent buildings.

Highlights include:

• The Palace of the Kings of Majorca: This fortified 13th-century palace, a former royal residence, overlooks the city and offers breathtaking views. Today it hosts concerts and cultural events, and its gardens and richly decorated rooms are especially impressive.
• The Castillet: A true symbol of Perpignan, this 14th-century red-brick fortified gate served as the main entrance to the medieval city. Later used as a prison, it now houses the Casa Pairal museum devoted to local history. Its summit offers panoramic views over the city.
• Saint-Jean-Baptiste Cathedral: A Gothic masterpiece, it impresses with its architecture and its Campo Santo, a unique cloister-cemetery in France.
• Campo Santo: The largest cloister-cemetery in France, it adjoins the cathedral and reflects the city’s religious importance at the end of the Middle Ages.
• Hôtel Pams: A 19th-century townhouse, notable for its sumptuous decor and temporary exhibitions.
  

Artistic and Cultural Life

Perpignan stands out for its vibrant artistic life, blending Catalan tradition and contemporary creativity:

• The Contemporary Art Center: Located in the Saint-Matthieu district, this must-visit venue features regional, national, and international artists. Its eclectic programming highlights all forms of contemporary art: painting, sculpture, installation, photography, video, and more. The center encourages interaction between artists and the public, making art accessible to all.
• Théâtre de l’Archipel: As a national stage, it offers a multidisciplinary program, from music and dance to contemporary theater, and welcomes renowned artists throughout the year.
• Art Prend l’Air: This annual street art festival enlivens the city center with original works, often inspired by Salvador Dalí’s legacy, and invites the public to watch the creative process live. In 2025, the city celebrates the 60th anniversary of Dalí’s visit to Perpignan with numerous artistic events.
  

Gastronomy: Catalan Flavors in the Spotlight

Perpignan’s gastronomy is a delicious blend of Catalan traditions and local products. Specialties not to be missed include:

• Ollada: A slow-cooked stew of meats, vegetables, and legumes, a staple of Roussillon family tables.
• Boles de picolat: Meatballs simmered in a rich sauce, often served with potatoes or rice.
• Cargolade: Grilled snails, a convivial dish typical of local festivals.
  Escalivade: Grilled vegetables (eggplant, peppers, onions) seasoned with olive oil.
• Other specialties: Confit pork cheek, beef freginat, empedrat, Catalan-style cod—dishes to discover in traditional restaurants.
• Catalan sweets: Rousquille (soft biscuit with sweet icing), nougat, aniseed cake, crema catalana.
  

Perpignan’s markets and artisans showcase local cheeses (Tomme catalane, Tomme with muscat grape marc), charcuterie, Roussillon wines, and seafood, for a gourmet immersion in the heart of Catalonia.

Perpignan, a city of history, culture, and gastronomy, delights with its strong Catalan identity and warm way of life. A destination to explore without moderation!